EU Business Naming Guides
EUIPO trademarks, European company formation, and EU-wide naming strategy
Naming Strategy
How to choose and brainstorm names
Multilingual Business Names: Avoiding Translation Disasters
Vauxhall Nova failed in Spain. "No va" means "doesn't go." Check your name in target markets.
EU Multi-Language Naming Framework: Cross-Border Strategy
Systematic approach to creating brand names that work across European languages. Phonetic testing, translation checking, cultural validation.
EU Startup Naming: Investor Appeal Strategy
How VCs evaluate names. Global scalability signals, pronunciation testing, memorability factors.
EU Multilingual Brand Pronunciation: 27-Market Strategy
Pronunciation testing across EU languages. Phonetic universals, sound patterns, accent marks.
Founder Names as Brands: European Trademark Law
Personal names as business brands. EUIPO registration limits, exit complications, legal implications.
EU Brand Names: Diacritics & Special Characters Strategy
Handling accents. Domain compatibility, trademark registration, cross-border recognition with äöüßéè.
Legal & Trademarks
Avoiding conflicts and registration
EUIPO Trademark Registration: Complete Guide to EU Trade Mark Protection
Register an EU trademark through EUIPO to protect your brand across all 27 member states with one application.
How to Register a GmbH in Germany: Complete German Business Formation Guide
Form a German GmbH (Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung) to establish limited liability company in Europe's largest economy.
Switzerland Business Name Registration & Trademark Guide
How to register a GmbH company and trademark in Switzerland. Multi-language requirements, IPI filing, and notary costs explained.
Germany GmbH Company Registration & Trademark Guide
How to register a GmbH company and trademark in Germany. Covers Handelsregister filing, DPMA trademark registration, and notary requirements.
France SAS Company Formation: Naming Rules & INPI Trademark Filing 2025
How to register a SAS company in France. Covers Infogreffe filing, INPI trademark, and French naming requirements.
Luxembourg Soparfi Holding Company: Formation Requirements & Tax Guide 2025
How to structure a Luxembourg Soparfi holding company. Covers RCS filing, tax advantages, and naming requirements.
Spain SL Company Formation: Naming Rules & Spanish Trademark Filing 2025
How to register an SL company in Spain. Covers Registro Mercantil filing, OEPM trademark, and Spanish naming requirements.
Switzerland AG Company Formation: Canton Registration & IPI Trademark 2025
How to register an AG company in Switzerland. Covers Handelsregister filing, IPI trademark, and Swiss naming requirements.
Italy SRL Formation: Camera di Commercio Filing & Italian Company Setup 2025
How to form an Italian SRL. Covers Camera di Commercio registration, €10,000 capital requirement, and Italy business formation.
Netherlands BV Formation: KVK Registration & Dutch Company Setup 2025
How to form a Dutch BV. Covers KVK registration, €0.01 minimum capital, and Netherlands business formation.
Germany GmbH Formation: Handelsregister Registration & German Company Setup 2025
How to form a German GmbH. Covers Handelsregister registration, €25,000 capital requirement, and Germany business formation.
Ireland Ltd Formation: CRO Registration & Irish Company Setup 2025
How to form an Irish Ltd. Covers CRO registration, €1 minimum capital, 12.5% corporate tax, and Ireland company formation.
Portugal Lda Formation: Registro Comercial & Portuguese Company Setup 2025
How to form a Portuguese Lda. Covers Registro Comercial registration, €1 minimum capital, NHR tax benefits, and Portugal business formation.
Belgium BV Formation: KBO Registration & Belgian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Belgian BV. Covers KBO registration, €1 minimum capital, Brussels EU access, and Belgium business formation.
Austria GmbH Formation: Firmenbuch Registration & Austrian Company Setup 2025
How to form an Austrian GmbH. Covers Firmenbuch registration, €10,000 capital requirement, and Austria business formation.
Poland Sp. z o.o. Formation: KRS Registration & Polish Company Setup 2025
How to form a Polish Sp. z o.o. Covers KRS registration, PLN 5,000 capital requirement, and Poland business formation.
Denmark ApS Formation: CVR Registration & Danish Company Setup 2025
How to form a Danish ApS. Covers CVR registration, DKK 40,000 capital requirement, and Denmark business formation.
Sweden AB Formation: Bolagsverket Registration & Swedish Company Setup 2025
How to form a Swedish AB. Covers Bolagsverket registration, SEK 25,000 capital requirement, and Sweden business formation.
Finland OY Formation: YTJ Registration & Finnish Company Setup 2025
How to form a Finnish OY (Osakeyhtiö). Covers YTJ registration, €2,500 capital requirement, and Finland business formation.
Norway AS Formation: Brønnøysund Registration & Norwegian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Norwegian AS (Aksjeselskap). Covers Brønnøysund registration, NOK 30,000 capital requirement, and Norway business formation.
Czech S.R.O. Formation: OR Registration & Czech Company Setup 2025
How to form a Czech S.R.O. (Společnost s Ručením Omezeným). Covers OR registration, CZK 1 capital requirement, and Czech Republic business formation.
Romania S.R.L. Formation: ONRC Registration & Romanian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Romanian S.R.L. (Societate cu Răspundere Limitată). Covers ONRC registration, RON 1 capital requirement, and Romania business formation.
Greece E.P.E. Formation: GEMI Registration & Greek Company Setup 2025
How to form a Greek E.P.E. (Etaireia Periorisménis Evthýnis). Covers GEMI registration, €1 capital requirement, and Greece business formation.
Estonia OÜ Formation: e-Residency & Estonian Company Setup 2025
How to form an Estonian OÜ (Osaühing). Covers e-Residency, RIK registration, €2,500 capital requirement, and Estonia digital-first business formation.
Bulgaria OOD Formation: TRA Registration & Bulgarian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Bulgarian OOD (Дружество с Ограничена Отговорност). Covers TRA registration, BGN 2 capital requirement, and Bulgaria business formation.
Croatia d.o.o. Formation: FINA Registration & Croatian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Croatian d.o.o. (Društvo s Ograničenom Odgovornošću). Covers FINA registration, HRK 20,000 capital requirement, and Croatia business formation.
Slovakia s.r.o. Formation: ORSR Registration & Slovak Company Setup 2025
How to form a Slovak s.r.o. (Spoločnosť s Ručením Obmedzeným). Covers ORSR registration, €1 capital requirement, and Slovakia business formation.
Hungary Kft. Formation: Céginfo Registration & Hungarian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Hungarian Kft. (Korlátolt Felelősségű Társaság). Covers court registration, HUF 3M capital requirement, and Hungary business formation.
Lithuania UAB Formation: RC Registration & Lithuanian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Lithuanian UAB (Uždaroji Akcinė Bendrovė). Covers Register Centre registration, €2,500 capital requirement, and Lithuania business formation.
Latvia SIA Formation: UR Registration & Latvian Company Setup 2025
How to form a Latvian SIA (Sabiedrība ar Ierobežotu Atbildību). Covers Enterprise Register registration, €2,800 capital requirement, and Latvia business formation.
EU Trademark Opposition Strategy: EUIPO Challenge Guide
How to handle EUIPO trademark oppositions. Response deadlines, evidence requirements, settlement negotiation tactics.
EU Trademark Coexistence Agreements: Shared Mark Strategy
Negotiating coexistence. Geographic limits, product categories, design differentiation across 27 jurisdictions.
EUIPO Language Variants: Translation & Registration Strategy
Translating brand names. Trademark protection across language borders, meaning conflicts, phonetic equivalents.
EU Cross-Border Brand Protection: Multi-Country Strategy
Protecting brands across 27 jurisdictions. EU trademark vs national filings, enforcement coordination, budget allocation.
EUIPO Trademark Specification: Wording Strategy for Classes
Goods/services descriptions. Scope optimization, examiner acceptance, future-proofing, class heading pitfalls.
EU Brand Monitoring: Trademark Watch & Domain Surveillance
Automated monitoring. Trademark watch services, domain monitoring, social media surveillance, enforcement triggers across EU.
EU Geographic Indicators: PDO, PGI & Brand Name Conflicts
Protected names. Champagne, Parma, Feta restrictions. Geographic indicator conflicts, workaround strategies, EU regulations.
Brexit Trademark Implications: UK-EU Brand Protection Post-2020
Post-Brexit strategy. UK vs EU trademark coordination, duplicate filing costs, Northern Ireland exceptions, transition deadlines.
Madrid Protocol: EU Multi-Country Trademark Filing Strategy
International trademark registration. Madrid system cost savings, designation strategy, central attack risk, timeline optimization.
EU Unregistered Trademark Rights: Common Law Protection
Unregistered brand protection. Passing off claims, evidence requirements, geographic scope limits, registration advantages.
EU E-Commerce Branding: Regulatory Compliance & Name Restrictions
Online brand regulations. Consumer protection laws, misleading name prohibitions, distance selling compliance, cross-border restrictions.
EU Domain & GDPR Data Residency Requirements
Navigate GDPR compliance for domain registration and hosting. Data residency rules for EU businesses explained.
Brexit Domain Strategy for UK-EU Business Operations
Manage domains post-Brexit for businesses operating in UK and EU. .eu eligibility, dual domain strategy, and cross-border compliance.
EU E-commerce Domain & VAT Compliance Strategy
VAT MOSS, cross-border selling domains, and e-commerce compliance for EU online retailers. Multi-country domain and tax strategy.
EU Digital Services Act & Domain Compliance
DSA requirements for online platforms, marketplaces, and digital services operating in EU. Domain-level compliance for EU businesses.
Digital & Online
Domains, social media, and digital presence
EU Domain Privacy & GDPR: Brand Protection Guide
WHOIS privacy for EU domains. GDPR compliance, domain ownership protection, registrar selection for European businesses.
Multilingual SEO Brand Naming: EU Search Optimisation
European brand SEO strategy. Language-neutral names, keyword conflicts, translation problems.
EU Domain Localisation: ccTLD vs .eu Strategy
Country-code domains vs .eu. Local SEO, consumer trust, trademark coordination across 27 markets.
EU Brand Names: Unicode & Character Encoding Issues
Technical compatibility. Database limits, UTF-8 support, ASCII fallbacks, system integration across EU registries.
EU Domain-Trademark Coordination: Unified Protection Strategy
Aligning domains with trademarks. Registration timing, defensive strategies, ccTLD trademark requirements, renewal sync.
EU Domain Disputes: UDRP & National Resolution Procedures
Domain conflict resolution. UDRP process, ccTLD-specific procedures, cybersquatting evidence, trademark coordination for EU domains.
EU Domain Extensions Comparison: .eu vs ccTLDs
Choose between .eu (pan-European) and country-specific domains (.de, .fr, .es). Complete ROI analysis by market.
Branding & Marketing
Making names memorable and testable
EU Brand Localization Strategy: Multi-Country Naming Guide
How to adapt brand names for European markets. Translation pitfalls, cultural meanings, EUIPO trademark strategy.
EU Brand Name Translation Strategy: Multi-Language Testing
How to test names across 24 EU languages. Translation risks, pronunciation guides, cultural testing.
Nordic Market Naming: Scandinavian Brand Strategy
Branding for Nordic countries. Language simplicity, umlaut problems, cross-market pronunciation.
EU Influencer Brand Partnerships: Co-Branding & Trademark Issues
Influencer collaborations. Trademark ownership, licensing terms, post-partnership conflicts, celebrity name rights in EU.
EU Colour Trademark Strategy: Protecting Brand Colours
Trademarking colours. Cadbury purple, T-Mobile magenta. Distinctiveness requirements, Pantone specifications, enforcement challenges.
EU Franchise Brand Consistency: Multi-Country Trademark Control
Franchise trademark management. Brand standards enforcement, local adaptations, quality control, franchisee violations across 27 countries.
EU Multilingual Domain Strategy
Manage domains across 24 official EU languages. Translation, localization, and ccTLD strategy for European markets.
Industry-Specific
Naming advice by industry
Naming Luxury Brands
What makes a name feel premium: syllables, origins, and exclusivity.
EU Fintech Naming Strategy: Regulatory Compliance Guide
How to name financial technology companies in Europe. MiFID restrictions, banking terminology, trust signals for EU markets.
EU E-Commerce Cross-Border Naming: Multi-Country Strategy
How to name online stores for 27 EU markets. Language considerations, domain strategy, local trust signals.
EU SaaS Naming: US Expansion Strategy
How to name software for transatlantic markets. .io vs .com debate, pronunciation for Americans, investor signals.
EU Fintech Naming: Regulatory Compliance Strategy
Financial services naming restrictions. ECB rules, prohibited terms, PSD2 compliance, trust signals.
EU Fashion Brand Naming: Luxury Positioning Strategy
How luxury brands choose names. Heritage signals, founder names, French vs Italian associations.
B2B vs B2C Naming: European Market Strategy
Business vs consumer brand naming. Formality expectations, trust signals, industry differences.
EU Pharmaceutical Brand Naming: EMA Restrictions & Safety Requirements
Medicine brand regulations. EMA approval process, look-alike/sound-alike risks, INN conflicts, safety-focused naming for EU healthcare.